Number
of players: 4
Type of Dominoes Used: Double 6
Type of Game: Trump
& Trick Game
Also known as Texas Forty-Two, Four-Hand Texas, and Domino Rounce,
Forty-Two is an adaptation of Auction Pitch. It was invented by W. A.
Thomas during his boyhood in Garner, Parker County, Texas, about 1885;
then it spread throughout the southwestern United States. In this game,
if a team collects each of the 7 tricks (1 point per trick) and each of
the 5-count dominoes (2 tiles worth 10 points each and 3 tiles worth 5
points each, for a total of 35 points) in the course of one hand, he
will have a total of 42 points (7+35 = 42). Thus, the name of the game.
The instructions given here are probably sufficient for the beginner,
but only serve as the basics of the game of Forty-Two. To learn more
about the strategy of the game and for a more in-depth description of
how the game is played, I suggest you refer to "Winning 42:
Strategy & Lore of the National Game of Texas," by Dennis
Roberson and published by Texas Tech University Press in Lubbock, Texas,
in 1997. The book also includes interesting information about the
history of the game that I found to be very enjoyable reading.
Object of the game: To be the first team
to reach 250 points.
Number of players: 4 players play as 2 teams of 2 players per team.
Draw lots at the beginning of the game to determine which player
shuffles first. Reshuffle the tiles.
Number of dominoes drawn: Each player draws 7 tiles. All players, except
for the shuffler, simultaneously - draw 7 tiles from the deck. The
shuffler, then, draws the 7 remaining tiles.
The person to the shuffler's left has the first option to bid.
Your bid is a prediction of how many of the 42 points you will win in
that hand. Your bid should be based almost entirely on your own hand.
However, if you win the bid, any points won by your partner during that
hand will also count towards your bid.
If you hold at least 3 tiles from the same suit in your hand, that is
considered a potential bidding hand. That suit will be your trump suit
if you win the bid. If you hold 1 or 2 doubles in addition to 3 tiles
from the same suit, this is considered a strong hand.
The word "trump" comes from the word "triumph." A
domino from the trump suit automatically 'triumphs" over other
dominoes played. Once trumps for the hand have been declared, all 7
dominoes of that suit rank higher than all 21 other dominoes. Regardless
of who plays it, the highest trump played wins any trick. A trump domino
only belongs to the trump suit and not also to the other suit
represented on its face. The other number on the trump domino only
serves to rank trumps among themselves.
For example: If fours are trumps, the 4-4 is the strongest domino of the
hand; the 4-6 beats the 4-5; the 4-5 beats the 4-3; and so on, the 40
being the lowest trump. The 4-0 for that hand would beat any tile that
is not from the 4 suit.
The double is the highest domino of each suit, followed in order by the
6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, and blank.
A domino whose ends add up to five or a multiple of five is a
"count" domino. There are two count tiles worth 10 points
each: 5-5 and 6-4. There are three count tiles worth 5 points each: 5-0,
4-1, and 3 -2. All 5 -count tiles add up to a total of 35 points. A
count scores extra points for the team that wins it in a trick.
Bidding continues clockwise around the table, with the shuffler always
having the last option to bid. Each player has only one opportunity to
bid. The minimum bid is 30. A player must pass if he is unable to bid at
least 30 or raise a previous bid. If all 4 players pass, all tiles are
returned to the deck and then reshuffled by the player to the left of
the last player to shuffle.
The player making the highest bid is the first player and the player to
declare which suit is trump for that hand. (A player never reveals the
trump suit until he has won the bid and is ready to play the first
tile.)
The first player plays a tile from his hand. Play continues to his left.
The next three plays made by the other players at the table must
"follow suit." This means those three players must play a tile
that is of the same suit as the highest end of the first tile played in
that trick, unless the first player plays a tile with at least one end
from the same suit as what was declared "trumps" for that
hand. In that case, the next three plays made must be a tile with an end
from the trump suit.
For example, if the 6-4 is played first, the other players would have to
follow suit with a 6 from their own hand. But if either end of the first
tile played is of the trump suit, then the trump overrides the other
number and everyone must follow suit with a trump.
If a player holds more than one playable tile in his hand, he may play
any one of them. If a player is unable to follow suit because he does
not hold that suit in his hand, he may play any tile from his hand, even
a trump.
The player who plays the highest tile of the lead suit or the highest
trump wins the trick. The winner of each trick plays the first tile for
the next trick, at which time he may play any tile in his hand.
When all four players have each played one tile, these four tiles are
collectively a trick. There are seven tricks in each hand. Each trick is
worth one point.
One player from each team should collect all the tricks for that team,
regardless of which player won the trick. After each trick has been won,
the tiles should be moved to one side or comer of the table, the 4 tiles
side by side and faceup. This simplifies scoring.
Once all 7 tricks have been played, each team should total their number
of tricks (1 point per trick) and their total number of points on count
dominoes collected (5 and multiples of 5), respectively.
If the bidding team makes or exceeds their bid, then that team receives
credit for all the points they won during that hand. In that case, the
opponents also receive credit for any points they won during the hand.
For example: If a team bids 30 and then takes 35 points in the hand,
then it has successfully reached its bid and scores 35 points. The
opponents receive credit for its 7 points.
If a team fails to reach their bid, then that team scores nothing, and
the opposing team receives credit for the original bid they defeated, x
plus the actual points they won during the hand.
For example: If your team wins the bid at the beginning of the game with
a bid of 37 but took only 35 points in the hand, your team would score
0, and the opponents would score 44 points (their 7 points plus your bid
of 37 points).
After each hand, the player to shuffle
the tiles rotates to the left (clockwise). Play continues in this same
manner.
The first team to reach 250 points wins. If both teams reach 250 points
on the same hand, the team that made the bid on that final hand is the
winner of the game, regardless of the score.
Variation: A simplified scoring system
can be used with one "mark," or point, awarded for the victory
of a hand. The first team to win 7 marks wins the match.
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